Endometriosis is a condition in which endometrial tissue (i.e. the cells lining the interior of the uterus) grows in other parts of the pelvic cavity, outside of the uterus. This abnormal cell growth is most commonly found on the ovaries, the lining of the pelvic cavity, and on the fallopian tubes but may also be found in the bladder, intestines, or distal parts of the body such as the head, lungs, or arms. Endometrial tissue responds to the hormones estrogen and progesterone, and bleed during menstruation. Endometrial tissue displaced outside the uterus responding to such hormonal change will have no outlet for bleeding, which leads to inflammation, resulting in scar tissue, adhesions and cysts. Endometriosis is usually characterized by painful periods (women with endometriosis have higher levels of prostaglandins, one of the triggers of menstrual pain), often with dark menstrual blood and clotting. There may be palpable masses in the abdomen, pelvic pain or pain during intercourse. The exact cause of endometriosis is unclear in conventional Western medicine, although there are many theories. Western medical treatments include drug therapy and surgery. Although hormone therapy will not cure endometriosis it can provide temporary relief. Diagnosis of endometriosis is made by laparoscopy, a minor surgical procedure which shows the location, size and extent of the endometrial implants.

 

Studies in China confirm that the treatment of endometriosis with Chinese herbal medicine and acupuncture can substantially diminish the pain, as well as the size of the ectopic masses. In a study published in the December 2002 issue of The Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, researchers selected 67 women diagnosed with dysmenorrhea (painful periods) due to endometriosis. Half of this group received acupuncture. It was reported that 81% of these women had less painful periods after receiving acupuncture treatment. Researchers speculate that acupuncture promotes blood circulation and regulates the endocrine system. They also suggest that acupuncture could act as an analgesic by elevating levels of circulating endorphins in the blood. Chinese herbal medicine improves microcirculation in the lower abdomen, as well as modulating the immunological disturbances associated with endometriosis, and thus alleviating pain and enhancing reproductive function. Acupuncture, herbs, diet, and pelvic massage have proven effective in reducing symptoms and slowing the progression of endometrial tissue growth.